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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), built through the interconnection between metal clusters and di-to poly-topic organic linkers, have porous crystalline and tunable structures with many meritful properties such as robustness, high ...
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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), built through the interconnection between metal clusters and di-to poly-topic organic linkers, have porous crystalline and tunable structures with many meritful properties such as robustness, high surface area/porosity, and adjustable pore size. As such, MOFs have drawn a great deal of attention in the design of the advanced heterogeneous catalytic materials. As the distribution of the catalytically active sites can be controlled further via post-synthesis modification (PSM), the use of Schiff base for such PSM is considered a promising strategy to develop highly active as well as stable catalysts. The great utility of Schiff base complex-anchored MOF is in fact recognized from various catalytic reactions (e.g., coupling, epoxidation, hy-drogenation, and oxidation) through efficient coordination of metal ions. These catalysts are advantageous to overcome the common limitations of both homogeneous catalysis (e.g., poor recyclability as well as reusability) and heterogeneous catalysis (e.g., low activity). This review is hence expected to deliver actionable knowledge for the development of highly effective Schiff base/MOF catalysts via PSM for diverse catalytic applications.
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Ferrites are important magnetic materials used in electronic devices. Nanocomposites of ferrites with TiO2, SiO2 and carbon quantum dots have gained recent interest due to their unique advantages, such as high chemical stability, ...
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Ferrites are important magnetic materials used in electronic devices. Nanocomposites of ferrites with TiO2, SiO2 and carbon quantum dots have gained recent interest due to their unique advantages, such as high chemical stability, surface-active sites, high specific surface area, non-toxicity, excellent optical properties, and tunable porosity. In the present review, general and adaptable coprecipitation, sol-gel, hydrothermal, solvothermal, and St?ber methods for the fabrication of nanocomposites are discussed. These materials offer the advantage of magnetic recovery and superior photocatalytic performance. The potential of nanocomposites to act as photocatalysts to eliminate organic pollutants and microbes from water is discussed. Mechanisms involved in these applications are also elaborated upon. The review provides a detailed study of recent applications and future perspectives of nanocomposites in sustainable water treatment.
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Abstract In the digitally empowered society, increased internet utilization leads to potential harm to the youth through cyberbullying on various social networking platforms. The cyberbullying stats keep on rising each year, leadi...
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Abstract In the digitally empowered society, increased internet utilization leads to potential harm to the youth through cyberbullying on various social networking platforms. The cyberbullying stats keep on rising each year, leading to detrimental consequences. In response to this online threat, the Indian Government launched different helplines, especially for the children and women who need assistance, various complaint boxes, cyber cells, and made strict legal provisions to curb online offenses. This research evaluates the relevant initiatives. Additionally, a survey is conducted to get insights into cyberbullying in higher education institutions, discussing multiple factors responsible for youth and adolescents being cyberbullied and a few measures to combat it in universities/colleges.
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Nowadays, increasing extortions regarding environmental problems and energy scarcity have stuck the development and endurance of human society. The issue of inorganic and organic pollutants that exist in water from agricultural, d...
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Nowadays, increasing extortions regarding environmental problems and energy scarcity have stuck the development and endurance of human society. The issue of inorganic and organic pollutants that exist in water from agricultural, domestic, and industrial activities has directed the development of advanced technologies to address the challenges of water scarcity efficiently. To solve this major issue, various scientists and researchers are looking for novel and effective technologies that can efficiently remove pollutants from wastewater. Nanoscale metal oxide materials have been proposed due to their distinctive size, physical and chemical properties along with promising applications. Cupric Oxide (CuO) is one of the most commonly used benchmark photocatalysts in photodegradation owing to the fact that they are cost-effective, non-toxic, and more efficient in absorption across a significant fraction of solar spectrum. In this review, we have summarized synthetic strategies of CuO fabrication, modification methods with applications for water treatment purposes. Moreover, an elaborative discussion on feasible strategies includes; binary and ternary heterojunction formation, Z-scheme based photocatalytic system, incorporation of rare earth/transition metal ions as dopants, and carbonaceous materials serving as a support system. The mechanistic insight inferring photo-induced charge separation and transfer, the functional reactive radical species involved in a photocatalytic reaction, have been successfully featured and examined. Finally, a conclusive remark regarding current studies and unresolved challenges related to CuO are put forth for future perspectives.
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This study proposes a modified Elephant Herding Optimization algorithm to enhance the capability of a classical algorithm for convalescent convergence rate and precision to solve global optimization problems. The proposed Improved...
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This study proposes a modified Elephant Herding Optimization algorithm to enhance the capability of a classical algorithm for convalescent convergence rate and precision to solve global optimization problems. The proposed Improved Elephant Herding Optimization (IEHO) uses an opposition learning-based initialization to get a better initial population. A sine cosine-based clan updating operator updates the clan individuals towards or outwards their clan leaders. Levy flight distribution with step size controller is applied to perform a local and global search on newly updated positions. The separating operator is modified to maintain a balance between exploration and exploitation of the algorithm. In addition, an elitism strategy is introduced to retain the fittest individual in the consequent iterations. The effectiveness of IEHO is validated on 97 benchmark functions which include unimodal. multimodal, and CEC-BC-2017 functions. The performance of IEHO is compared to fourteen state-of-the-art algorithms along with the winner algorithm of CEC-BC-2017. Friedman's mean rank test shows the dominance of the proposed algorithm for unimodal and multimodal functions. The proposed IEHO algorithm secures the best rank for all 97 benchmark functions. Finally, the applicability of IEHO is shown on five real-world engineering design problems. Results have proven that IEHO performed superior or equivalent to the algorithms reported in the literature and evaluated in this work.
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Beta-caryophyllene is an odoriferous bicyclic sesquiterpene found in various herbs and spices. Recently, it was found that beta-caryophyllene is a ligand of the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2). Activation of CB2 will decrease pain, a...
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Beta-caryophyllene is an odoriferous bicyclic sesquiterpene found in various herbs and spices. Recently, it was found that beta-caryophyllene is a ligand of the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2). Activation of CB2 will decrease pain, a major signal for inflammatory responses. We hypothesized that beta-caryophyllene can affect wound healing by decreasing inflammation. Here we show that cutaneous wounds of mice treated with beta-caryophyllene had enhanced re-epithelialization. The treated tissue showed increased cell proliferation and cells treated with beta-caryophyllene showed enhanced cell migration, suggesting that the higher re-epithelialization is due to enhanced cell proliferation and cell migration. The treated tissues also had up-regulated gene expression for hair follicle bulge stem cells. Olfactory receptors were not involved in the enhanced wound healing. Transient Receptor Potential channel genes were up-regulated in the injured skin exposed to beta-caryophyllene. Interestingly, there were sex differences in the impact of beta- caryophyllene as only the injured skin of female mice had enhanced re-epithelialization after exposure to beta-caryophyllene. Our study suggests that chemical compounds included in essential oils have the capability to improve wound healing, an effect generated by synergetic impacts of multiple pathways.
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Mycotoxins are naturally occurring toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi in cereals and foodstuffs during the stages of cultivation and storage. Electrochemical biosensing has emerged as a rapid, efficient, and economical ...
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Mycotoxins are naturally occurring toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi in cereals and foodstuffs during the stages of cultivation and storage. Electrochemical biosensing has emerged as a rapid, efficient, and economical approach for the detection and quantification of mycotoxins in different sample media. An electrochemical biosensor consists of two main units, a recognition receptor and a signal transducer. Natural or artificial antibodies, aptamers, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP), peptides, and DNAzymes have been extensively employed as selective recognition receptors for the electrochemical biosensing of mycotoxins. This article affords a detailed discussion of the recent advances and future prospects of various types of recognition receptors exploited in the electrochemical biosensing of mycotoxins.
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Bald Eagle Search optimization (BES) is introduced recently, which mimics the bald
eagles' hunting and food searching behaviour. The capability of a BES algorithm is
enhanced in this paper by avoiding local optima stagnation and...
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Bald Eagle Search optimization (BES) is introduced recently, which mimics the bald
eagles' hunting and food searching behaviour. The capability of a BES algorithm is
enhanced in this paper by avoiding local optima stagnation and premature convergence
problems. The BES algorithm is modified to enhance the performance of the
algorithm and the modified algorithm is called the Self Adaptive Bald Eagle Search
(SABES) algorithm. Dynamic-opposite Learning (DOL) method is invoked in the initialization
phase to increase the population diversity and convergence speed. To find
better global solutions, the exploitation capability of the SBES algorithm is enhanced
by considering the dynamic-opposite solutions. In addition, the algorithmic parameter
values of the BES algorithm have been determined using the linear and non-linear
time-varying adaption strategy to create a balance between the search abilities which
promotes the overall performance of the algorithm. The performance of the SABES
algorithm is validated by comparing the results of 50 benchmark functions and
CEC2017 functions with different erstwhile algorithms. The proposed algorithm
achieves the best results in 80% of the benchmark functions, whereas the BES only
gets the best results in 56% of functions. For the CEC2017, the SABES algorithm
achieves optimal results for 20 functions which are highest in comparison to stateof-
the-art algorithms. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm are
checked using the 15 CEC2020 competition real-world single-objective constrained
optimization problems. The SABES achieves a 100% success rate and 100% feasibility
rate in comparison to other well-regarded algorithms. The statistical significance
of the algorithm has been proved using Friedman's mean rank and Wilcoxon sign
rank test.
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摘要 :
Hyperspectral images collect information across the electromagnetic spectrum and are
widely used to recognize signals, identify materials, and find objects. However, the information
in a hyperspectral image may be sensitive and ...
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Hyperspectral images collect information across the electromagnetic spectrum and are
widely used to recognize signals, identify materials, and find objects. However, the information
in a hyperspectral image may be sensitive and must be protected. Therefore, this paper
proposes a new information confidentiality model for hyperspectral images. In this model,
Self Adaptive Bald Eagle Search (SABES) optimization algorithm is proposed to select the
initial and control parameters of the chaos maps to improve the encryption process. A multilevel
chaotic system is implemented to enhance the security of the hyperspectral images by
increasing the randomness. A circular shift is utilized to secure the proposed model from
differential attack. The proposed encryption model is authenticated with various security
analyses. The experimental results show that the proposed cryptographic model is secure
from different attacks (statistical, differential, noise, and cropping). The performance of the
proposed model is validated by comparing the results of the proposed model with the stateof-
the-art methods. The results prove that the proposed model is more secure and requires
less computational time for image encryption and decryption in comparison to the existing
methods. In addition, the proposed encryption model is applied to secure the hyperspectral
medical images, demonstrating its utility in the medical field.
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摘要 :
The food industries are looking for potential preservation methods for fruits and vegetables.
The combination of osmosis and drying has proved the efficient method to
improve the food quality. Osmotic dehydration is a mass trans...
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The food industries are looking for potential preservation methods for fruits and vegetables.
The combination of osmosis and drying has proved the efficient method to
improve the food quality. Osmotic dehydration is a mass transfer process in which
water molecules from the food move to an osmo-active solution and the solutes from
the solution migrate into the food. Advanced osmotic dehydration techniques such
as electric field pulse treatment, ultrasonic and microwave-assisted dehydration,
pulsed vacuum, and osmodehydrofreezing can improve the nutritional quality (bioactive)
and sensory properties (color, texture, aroma, flavor) of fresh and cut-fruits without
changing their reliability. Emerging osmotic dehydration technologies can
preserve the structure of fruit tissue by forming microscopic channels and increasing
effective water diffusivity. However, it is important to analyze the effect of advanced
osmotic dehydration techniques on the quality of food products to understand the
industrial scalability of these techniques. The present paper discusses the impact of
recent osmotic dehydration techniques on bioactive, antioxidant capacity, color, and
sensory profile of food.
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